Alonso Mudarra (c. 1510–1580) was a prominent Spanish composer and vihuelist of the Renaissance period. He is best known for his contributions to the genre of early classical guitar and vihuela music. Mudarra's most notable work is his collection titled "Tres libros de música en cifra para vihuela" (1546), which is one of the earliest published collections of music for the vihuela, a plucked string instrument similar to the lute. His compositions showcase a blend of vocal and instrumental music, featuring both traditional Spanish folk elements and intricate polyphony. Mudarra's works include a variety of forms, such as fantasias, variations, and songs, with notable pieces like "Fantasía que contrahaze la harpa en la manera de Ludovico" and "Canzonetta." Mudarra's impact on music lies in his innovative approach to string instrument composition, influencing later generations of composers and musicians in the development of guitar music. His emphasis on expressive melody and harmonic richness set a foundation for the evolution of the guitar as a prominent instrument in Western classical music. Today, Mudarra is recognized as a key figure in the Spanish Renaissance music scene.